Serbia, officially known as the Republic of Serbia, is a landlocked country located in the Balkans, in southeastern Europe. Here’s a brief overview:

1. Geography: Serbia shares borders with Hungary to the north, Romania to the northeast, Bulgaria to the southeast, North Macedonia to the south, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina to the west, and Montenegro to the southwest. The country’s landscape is diverse, featuring plains, hills, and mountains, with the Danube and Sava rivers being significant waterways.
2. Demographics: Serbia has a population of over 7 million people, predominantly ethnic Serbs. There are also minority populations, including Hungarians, Roma, Bosniaks, and others. The official language is Serbian, written in the Cyrillic script, although Latin script is also used.
3. History: Serbia has a long and complex history, with roots dating back to ancient times. It was part of various empires and kingdoms throughout its history, including the Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman Empires. In the 20th century, Serbia was a key player in the formation and dissolution of Yugoslavia, experiencing significant political and social upheaval during this time.
4. Economy: Serbia has a mixed economy, with sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, services, and mining playing significant roles. The country has undergone economic reforms since the breakup of Yugoslavia, transitioning to a market-oriented economy. Key industries include automotive manufacturing, mining (especially copper and coal), agriculture (particularly wheat and corn), and tourism.
5. Culture: Serbian culture is rich and diverse, reflecting its history and influences from various civilizations. Serbian Orthodox Christianity is the predominant religion, influencing traditions, holidays, and customs. Traditional Serbian music, dance, and folk art are celebrated, and Serbian cuisine features hearty dishes such as Ćevapi (grilled minced meat), Ajvar (pepper-based condiment), and Sarma (cabbage rolls).
6. Challenges: Serbia faces challenges such as economic disparities, political instability, corruption, and issues related to ethnic tensions and reconciliation stemming from the conflicts of the 1990s, particularly the Yugoslav Wars. The country also faces demographic challenges, including emigration and an aging population.